Type-writing machine



(No Model.)

6 SheetsSheet 1. D. W. DODSON.

' TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 416,257. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

No. 416,257. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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D. W. DODSON.

TYPE. WRITING MAGHINE N0.416,257. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4-. D. W. DODSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 416,257. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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(No Model.)

PatentedDeo. 3, 1889..

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D. W. DODSON.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

No. 416,257; Patented Dec 3, 1889.

5 @1966} I 7 Jwrezfloz? fig, jarzze/moalsow UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DARIEN V. DODSON, OF TOlVN LINE, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,257, dated December3, 1889.

Application filed March 29, 1884.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DARIEN W. DODSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Town Line, in the county of LllZQI'HG and State ofPennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Type-\VritingMachines, of which the following is a specification,

This invention relates to that class of typewriters in which the typeare arranged on the periphery of revoluble type-wheels carried on arevoluble turret, and it is in the nature of an improvement on atypewriter belonging to the same class and described in my prior LettersPatent, No. 299,75 1, dated June 3, 1884, as hereinafter more fully setforth.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a perspective view of a type-writer embodying myimprovements. View of the machine, the type-case'cover being removed toshow the printing mechanism within said case. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection taken in a line just below the type-wheels, a part of thekey-board being broken away and the paper-carriage removed to bettershow the mechanism beneath the same. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectionthrough the machine from front to rear transversely to the keyboard.Figs. 5 and 0 are respectively a side and top detail view of thetype-wheel in its preferred form. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of thepaper-carriage, which is of the cylindrical type or style and arrangedin the machine to stand and move vertically. Fig. 8 is a verticalsection through the carriage. Fig. 0 is a perspective view of thepaper-holding clips, the outline of carriage-cylinder being shown indotted lines. Fig. 10 is a plan of the lower end of said cylinder, thecarriage-shaftbeingin section and the lower clip-lever being brokenawayto show the feed-nut. Fig. 11 is a detail perspective view of thefeed-nut and its operating-stem. Fig. 12 is a diagram, in plan view,illustrating certain featuresin the operation of the printing mechanism.Fig. 13 is a detail perspective view of the feed-plate. Fig. '14 is aside elevation of one of the wheel-starters in its preferred form. Fig.15 is a perspective view showing a modification of the feedingapparatus.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan.

Serial No. 126,960. (No model.)

My improved type-writing machine consists, essentially, of a suitableframe-work,.a revoluble turret, one or more revolubletypewheels mountedon said turret at a distance from its center, a series of type or wheelstarters constructed and arranged to start revolving the said revolubletype or wheels, finger-keys and connections operating said starters,devices suitable for continuing for the proper time the rotation of saidtype or wheels and for stopping them, a paper-carriage, andcarriage-feeding apparatus; and the nature of the said machine is suchthat some of the said elements thereof may be materially changed as totheir own construction and mode of operation without requiring anymaterial change in other elements comprised in the same combination. Forinstance, it is not a matter material to the print ing mechanism whetherone or another form of paper-carriage is employed in connect-iontherewith, nor to the operation of the Wheelstarters what devices shallbe used to continue the rotation of the wheels or to stop them. The sameis true, also, of the other elements of mechanism above enumerated, andthe following detaileddescription of the machine is made to be read inthe light of the'principle thus illustrated. v

The frame-work of the machine comprises a frame proper or case(designated by 12) and a stand supporting this frame, which standserves, also, to carry certain details of the mechanism. Said standconsists or may consist of a column 3, supported on a tripod 1, andsupporting on its top theframe proper of the machine. The tripod has atits base a foot-power apparatus for rotating the drivingshaft 2, whichshaft extends up through the stand-column into the chamber which iswithin frame 12. This chamber contains those parts of the machinerywhich, taken together, I denominate the printing mechanism, and which Iwill next describe.

A revoluble turret is carried on the upper end of shaft 2, and may befixed thereto by means of a collar 16 thereon. This turret may properlyconsist of the disk 15, constructed (See Figs. 2, 4, and

The type or type-Wheel is a disk or wheel (designated by 32, Figs. 2, 4,5, and 6) of suitable materialas hard rubber or metal having on itsperiphery a series of types 18, (except on one side where a fewtypespaces should be left blank, as at and having a starting arm or lug,as 35, whereby said type or wheel may be staited revolving on its ownaxis. In addition to these features, said type or wheel may have a holeor notch for engagement with a detent device, and may have a segmentalrim or flange for returning the wheel or type starter after this shallhave been interposed in the orbital path of the starting-arm and shallhave started the wheel by striking against (intercepting) said arm. Thetypewheels are revolubly (pivotally) mounted on the revoluble turret bymeans of some suitable shaftor stud-such as the shaft 17journaled in ahearing or bearings formed in the turret and fixed in the wheel by a nut20 in a well'known manner. Thus arranged the type-wheels are adapted tohave (as described in my aforesaid prior application) two independentmovements, (usually and preferably, but not necessarily, in the sameplane,) one movement being an orbital rotary movement about the axis ofthe turret and the other a rotary movement in the opposite direction 011its own axis in the turret. These two opposite rotary movements shouldhave substantially corresponding velocities, whereby the types on saidwheels shall be rolled against the inking pad or track, hereinafterdescribed, and on the material to be printed without any sliding contacttherewith. The radii of the several type-wheel axes, when more than onesuch wheel is used, measured from the turret-axis, are preferably madeequal and should always be so made when the typewheels are themselves ofequal diameters, which is always a desirable though not a necessarycondition.

The type or wheel starter is a suitablyshaped block or part constructedand arranged to have a reciprocating or rotary-reciprocating movementtoward and from the type-wheel or some part attached to said wheel andserving asa starting-arm therefor. As herein shown and described saidwheelstarter has its movement in a direction about parallel to the axisof rotation of said wheel,

said movement being vertically, and the said starter being locatedbeneath the wheel in a fixed position relative to the orbit of saidwheel. Said wheel-starter operates by the method of impact, and startsthe wheel by impinging against some part--as a startingarm-suitablyconstructed for that purpose. The form of said starter adopted for usein my present machine is well shown in Fig. 14, it being a Hat plate orblock formed on or attached to the rear (left-hand) end of bar 23. Saidplate has one part (designated by 32) especially designed for impingingagainst the starting-arm 35, and another part (designated by 28) onwhich the flange 33 of the type- Wheel acts to return (replace) thewheelstarter to its inoperative and lowest position, as hereinafter morefully explaii'lcd.

The arrangement in the machine of the whcclstarters is best shown inFig. 3, where they are set at fixed distances (which are preferablyregular distances) apart in slots cut in the outer and innerstarter-guides 31 and 27, which guides are fastened to or formed onframe 12, and in which the said starters are adapted to freely move upand down. The number of wheel-starters corresponds to the number ofutilized type-spaces on wheel 32,whieh number is twenty-seven in themachine shown in the drawings, but which may be made greater or smaller,as occasion may require, by correspondingly changing the proportions ofthe various details involved.

The dotted line 2t, Figs. 2, 3, and 12, drawn from the axis of shaft 2to the axis of shaft 4-5, marks a point of reference in the orbitalmovement which corresponds to the point of reference 3t, Figs. 6 and 12,in the circumference of wheel 32-that is to say, the circumferentialdistances on wheel 32 of the several types, measured from point 34,correspond, after the nature of the machine, to the orbital distances ofthe respective wheelstarters measured from line 2, so that the first,second, or other wheel-starter will operate to start revolving thetype-wheel for the printing of a character by the corresponding first,second, or other type, as the case may be; but I do not mean by thestatement that the said circumferential and orbital distances correspondthat such distances are respectively equal to each other, but, rather,that there I is, substantially, a corresponding ratio of increase ineach of said sets of distances, measured from the first type and firststarter, rc-

spectively. The distance, however, from said points of reference to saidfirst members of the series depends 011 the particular construction andadjustment of the parts (especially of the starting-arm) and bears nonecessary fixed relation to the size of the type-spaces. The principlesgoverning such construction and adjustment are well known to thosemechanics who are well acquainted with thelaying out of gearing and ofmechanical movements, and \villbc readily understood by them without amore minute description.

As a means for operating the wheel-starters I employ aseries of ordinarykey'levers 2 3, to the rear ends of which said starters are attached,and the front ends of which are furnished with the usual finger-keys 30,that project through holes in akey-board 29, which is or may besupported in front of frame 12 by connections with one or more bars orplates 43 attached to said frame. The key-levers are or may be fulcrumedon a suitably-supported bar or rod 25 and held in engagement therewithby a fixed strip 26 immediately above them. A bar 99 beneath thekey-levers serves as a stop for properly limiting the downward movementof the keys and the upward move- IIO ITS

ment of tho wheel-starters connected with the keys. As the key-leversare preferably not furnished with springs to move them in either one orthe other direction, and as it is desirable before beginning to use themachine to raise all depressed keys, I have provided an elevating-bar100, extending under all the key-levers and operated by means of adepending knob 101. The operation of this device will be obvious frominspection of the drawings.

For continuing for a proper time the rotation of the type-wheel afterthis shall have been started by the wheel-starter and after this startershall have ceased to act I use in my present machine the same meanssubstantially as described for the same purpose in my aforesaid priorLetters Patent-that is to say, the periphery of said wheel, after thewheel is turned on its own axis through a distance about equal toone-half of space'19,

engages (runs in contact with) a surrounding wall or track, which servesthe purpose of an internal gear (of either the frictional or toothedvarieties) to continue the regular rotary motion of the wheel to makeone complete revolution thereof. This being done, a detent device actsto restrain further movement of the wheel until again started as before.Said track is concentric to the typewheel orbit and should (except for aspace near the paper-carriage) extend through an arc Whose lengthsomewhat exceeds (at least) the circumference of said Wheel added to anorbital are that comprises all the wheel-starters, for since thetype-wheel should when started always make one complete revolution, andsince it may be started by the first or by the last wheel-starter, it isevident that its rotation in the one case must be continued much fartherbeyond line 24 than in the other case, the greatest distance beyondbeing about equal to the circumferential distance occupied by types onthe type-wheel. Said track may properly consist of the band 21, (shownin Figs. 2 and 4,) it being held in place by the cap 22, screwed to thewall of frame 12, or by other Well-known means. By making said track ofabsorbent material-as good felt or the likeit serves a double purposeand acts as an internal gear to turn the type-:

wheel and as an inking-pad to ink the types on said wheel. In connectionwith the track I may use the cog or cogs J shown and described in myaforesaid Letters Patent for the purpose therein described.

It should be here noted that as the typewheels make (as arranged in thismachine) only one revolution each time started, and as the particulartype selected is brought directly to the printing-point without firststriking the inking-pad, it is necessary on starting to use the -machineto revolve the type-wheels a few times, so as to inkall the type. Afterthis the ordinary operation of the machine is usually sufficientto keepall the type properly inked.

in the cam 41.

bearing in turret 15, while its lower end-is fitted to enter hole 40 inWheel 32, and its upper end or head 38 engages with and runs 011 the cam41, which cam is formed on a disk 13, fixed to cover 14 of frame 12.Alight spring 37, fixed to disk 15, and at one end resting in a notch insaid bolt-head 38, serves to prevent this from turning out of properposition, and also to hold down the bolt with sufficient force againstthe type-wheel during the time when said bolt is passing the space Thesaid cam has a length and position proper to disengage the detent beforethe starting-arm reaches the orbital position of the first wheel-starterand to release the same after passing the last wheelstarter, the wheelsbeing thus alway free to start at any point within those limits. Noclaim is made to this detent apparatus, except as it (or an equivalenttherefor) is an element in a combination claimed.

In connection with the printing mechanism 1 may use a paper-carriagehaving a rectilinear movement from right to left, after the manner oftype-writers generally, and as shown in my aforesaid Letters Patent; butI have preferred for my present purposes a suitably mounted and actuatedpaper-carrying cylinder whose axis is substantially parallel to the axisof the turret, and which is fed in 'a spiral direction forwa'rcl andupward, its forward movement being preferably (with either form ofcarriage) 'inthe plane'of revolution substantially of the typewheels, sothat the types stand vertically across the face of the type-wheels. Inthe drawings such a cylinder (designated by 36 and formed hollow) isfitted to slide on. the hollow slotted shaft 4G, this shaft being itselfmounted to turn on the screw-shaft 45, whose lower end is journaledloosely in a plate 53, that is fitted to slide on an arm 73, which isattached by screw 74 or otherwise to the stand. Said plate 53 is or maybe moved toward and from the stand by an ordinary adjusting-screw 75,passing through lug 76, and a nut 77, this nut having an external groove78, engaging with the plate 79, fixed on said lug, all in a well-knownmanner. This adjustment provides for the use of different-sizedpaper-carrying cylinders. screw-shaft 45 has fixed thereon aratchetwheel 5%, with which the pawl-lever 55 engages to normallyprevent (restrain) said shaft from having any forward movement while themachine is being used, and by releasing the pawl to permit the carriage,to-

The

gether with its operating-shaft, to be turned forward by hand withoutany vertical movement of said carriage. Shaft i6 is held in placelongitudinally on the screw-shaft by a screw 104E or by some likedevice, (see Fig. 8,) and is fed by means of the ratchet-wheel 5o fixedthereon. The cylinder is fed upon shaft 46 by means of a feed-nut 48,carried in the lower end of said cylinder and passing through a slot 47in said shaft to mesh with the thread on shaft 45, after a well-knownmanner. Said nut is furnished with a stem and knob, as t9, whereby itmay be withdrawn from engagement with screw 45, but not entirely out ofslot +17. A spring, as 51, affixed to the cylinder, bears in a notch 52,formed in or on said stem, and acting through this serves to hold thenut into mesh. (These details are shown best in Figs. '7 to 11,inclusive.) As shown in the drawings, the feed-nut has the oppositely-disposed arms 50, which serve as a stop to prevent said nutbearing too hard on shaft i5; but this stop may be omitted.

The upper end of the paper-cylinder 36 is suitably guided by means of ayoke 69, which, being pivoted at 7 0, passes around outside of thecylinder and is removably fastened by a button or catch at 71 on frame12. A number of screws or other stops 72, adjustably fixed in said yoke,serve to adjust the position of said cylinder relative to the turret, sothat the type-wheels 32, Fig. 2, shall bear against the cylinder withthe proper degree of pressure.

The paper-cylinder is or may be turned by hand by means of a crank-arm92, having a knob 93, fixed to the upper end thereof.

For holding the paper on the carriage 36, I use a pair of clips 81 S3,operated by springs and levers. The upper clip 81 is fixed to a lever80, which is pivoted at 105 on said carriage or cylinder 30, and whoseopposite end is upheld by a spring, as 89, Fig. 7, to close the clip.The lower'clip S3 is fixed to alever 2, (perforated for the passagethrough it of shaft 46,) which is fulerumed at St and operated by aspring 88 to close this clip. For opening these clips by hand to releasethe paper a thumb-piece 86 is fulcrumed on lever 80 over screw 87, whichpasses or may pass th ro ugh both the thumb-piece and said lever, and atone end is connected bya rod 85 to lever 82, said rod passinglongitudinally through the cylinder for that purpose. The arrangement ofthe several details will be best understood from Figs. 7 and 0. Onpressing down the thumb-lever 86 this depresses lever 80 and opens clip81. At the same time said lever 86 draws up on red 85, and this, actingthrough lever 2, opens clip 83. \Vhile the clips are thus held open, theyoke being swung back, the sheet of paper to be printed may be woundabout the cylinder 36 in the usual able time, this may be done by meansof a button or catch U0, mounted on the cylinder, as in Figs. 2 and 8,and adapted to be swung or hooked over said lever when this is depressed.

Upon the under side of the casing 12 is usually secured aleaf-spring102,which bears against the surface of the cylinder 36 andnormally holds it in engagement with the screws '"2. At that end of theink-cushion 21 which is nearest the cylinder is placed a leaf-spring103, having its surface continuous with that of the ink-cushion andextending nearly to the contact-point of the typewheel and cylinder. Thefunction of this spring is to keep the type-wheel in constant revolutionuntil it rolls against the paper and leaves the impression of theselected type.

The carriage-feeding apparatus in a simple form is constructed andarranged as follows: A feed-plate 63 is located in a space in the track21 forward of line 24, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 12, and with itsinner surface normally somewhat within the circle of said track. Thisfeed-plate is mounted on the upper end of a lever 60, whose movement issubstantially radial to the turret 15. Said lever is pivotally supportedat (51 (in some well-known manner) in a bracket (32, which is adjnstablyfixed to the stand, so that by raising the bracket the proportions ofthe lever may be changed for the purpose of varying the length of thefeed. The lower end of said feed-lever G0 fits in and actuates afeedpawl 57, which moves under a cap 50, fixed on plate 53, and is heldinto engagement with the feed-ratchet 56 by a spring 58, also fixed onsaid plate At its upper end the feed-lever is operatively connected witha slide Gt, held in place by screw in slot 66 or by other well-knownmeans, (not shown,) whose movement is substantially radial to theturret, and whose inner end has a lug or hook (57, whereby it is movedtoward shaft 2 by a feed-cam GS 011 said turret. This operation drawsfeed-plate 63 in toward shaft 2, and, acting through the feed-lever,forces for ward pawl 57 to feed ratchet 5G and the paper-carriage. Thecarriage-feed is thus a positive forward movement, and the plate 63 isonly called a feed-plate because by it the feed-lever is set ready forthe feeding operation, and not because it actually performs thatoperation. The feed plate indicates but does not make the feed. Whenduring the operation of the machine a type-wheel has been properlystarted revolving, it first comes to the carriage and prints acharacter, as in Fig. 2, and then rolls onto and forces out thefeed-plate 63, thereby drawing (retracting) pawl 57 back over a notch ornotches of ratchet-wheel 56 and setting slide 64, with its lug 67, inthe path of cam (58. This cam next strikes said lug and acts topositively feed the carriage, as above described. In practice there maybe a feed-cam 68 for each type-wheel mounted on the turret. On the upperside of the ratchet-wheel 56 of the paper-cylinder graduations may bemade, as shown in Fig. 3, to serve as a guide for placing and replacingsaid cylinder in any required position. J

A modified arrangement of the above slide and cam is shown in Fig. 15.Here the disk 97, fixed on shaft 2, has a cam 98, which operates slide95, held in place by screws 96 on bracket 94 or otherwise, to force outthe lower end of lever 60, thereby effecting the same result as in theformer case, with the advantage of applying the power nearer the work.

To avoid any backlash,.when the fitting shall be such as to create thesame, I attach to the lower end of the cylinder a spring 91,

.the end of which is inserted withinand bears against one edge of theslot 47in the sleeve 45. The tension of the spring normally tends toturn the cylinder in the direction of its feed, and when properlyproportioned and fitted is sufficient to prevent any reaction orvibration of the cylinder after the feed movement.

For the purpose of driving the turret 15, shaft 2 may be extended downto the base of the stand and operatively connected with a treadle '7,mounted on rod 6. Said treadle is shown connected to the crank 5 ofawheel 4:, fixed on said shaft. The connections consist in cords 10,which run over rollers 11 and are adjustably attached to the treadle at8 and 9, respectively. This shaft-driving apparatus is not claimedherein, it being the subject-matter of a separate application.

'Motors driven by water, steam, or electricity may also be employed tofurnish the neces sarypower for running the machine. The operation ofthe above-describedmachine is as follows: A sheet of paper to be printedis first closely wrapped around and secured on cylinder 36, and this isset about as shown inFig. 1, where lines 106 and 107 are supposed torepresent the upper and lower edges, respectively, of said sheet. Theturret 15 is now started revolving at a regular speed, (which may be onehundred to two hundred revolutions or more per minute,) and the operatorselects and depresses one of the keys 30, and thereby elevates thecorresponding wheel-starter into the orbital path of starting-arm Thisarm (on the first typewheel approaching) is intercepted by saidwheel-starter. The result is that the typewheel 32 is started rew olvingon its own axis, and that the types 18 engage with and roll on track 21,in a manner hereinbefore described, and thus continue said wheelrevolving. This action continues until that type which corresponds, asbefore described, with the wheelstarter selected reaches theprinting-point at line 24, Fig. 2, and prints its character on the paperby a rolling contact therewith. After this the wheel continues to turnby reason of its contact with the paper being printed until its types(one or more of them) strike against and force out the feed-plate 63,and

until one whole revolution on its own axis is completed, and until thewheel is locked by the detent device in the posit-ion shown by dottedlines 108, with the .space 19 standing outward, as in Fig. 12. Thetype-wheelshaft should be fitted to revolve freely in its hearing, sothat the momentum of said wheel will assist in completing itsrevolution. Each time a character is thus selected and printed thetype-wheel in some part of its periphery rolls against the feedplate,and thereby sets the eed apparatus to cause the carriage to be fedforward ready for the printing of another character, which selected andprinted as before. 4

The spacing is accomplished by simply omitting some one of the types-onthe typewheel, so that there is in effect a blank typespacc. Byselecting the key corresponding to said blank type-space the type-wheelis made to start and complete its regular movement as before; but itonly operates to set the feed apparatus, and thereby feed forward thecarriage without printing a character. Usually I select one of theterminal typespaces for the spacer, as 109, Fig. 6; but any other ofsaid spaces will answer the same purpose.

Respecting the use of a track for continuing the rotation of the typeafter this (or these) shall have been started revolving, it should beunderstood that this track is not required for the printing of the firstcharacter, so that said track is not an element necessary to all of thecombinations which include said type, turret, and type-starter.

As used in this specification the word type is sometimes of the singularand sometimes of the plural number, and is also sometimes synonymouswith types and with typewheel. The proper meaning, however, will alwaysappear in any particularcase by reading those words in connection withthe context.

On the starting of the type-wheel revolving its starting-arm (and alsoflange 33) takes an epicycloidal course, so that the lower edge of saidflange 33 passes against the incline 28, which incline thus acts as acam for returning the wheel-starter to its lowest position. It is tofacilitate this operation that said starters are (preferably) set in thepositions shown in Fig. 3-that is, inclined laterally to a line radialto the turret.

The improved mode herein described of printing from type has theadvantage of making a very. clear impression under a'moderate pressure,so that good commercialwork maybe done by delicate and light-runningmachinery. The types being rolled against the ink-pad, they are veryperfectly inked, and being also rolled on the material to be printed thefull form of the character is clearly and easily brought out. Owing tothese advantages the machine may be run very rapidly and still requiretherefor a very small amount of power, which is an impor- Too tautdesideratum when the type writer is driven by foot-power, as in practiceit often must be. This mode of printing has also an important advantagein that it directly conducive to extraordinary speed. In other machinesusing revoluble type-wheels these wheels are first rotated to therequired position and stopped rotating while the impression is made.This requires the type not only to be moved, but also to be brought torest, and afterward to he started again before the next type can bebrought into position for printing, these operations having to beperformed successively. Printing by such old mode is necessarily acomparativelyslow process; but by my improved mode the act of printingis performed while the type is rotatin g both orbitally and axially atfull speed, and in such manner, as shown and hereinbefore described,thatthe operation of one type does not limit, as by the old way, the properoperation of the next type, for in my machine the duration of and thetime between the printing operations or acts is determined by thedistances apart and the velocities of the type-wheels in their orbit,and the starting and stopping of one type-wheel is done independently ofthe other said wheels, so that of said type-wheels one may be printingwhile a second is starting and while a third is stopping. Thesepeculiarities, takenin connection with the increased dwell of the typeon the paper, d no to the aforesaid rolling contact, (the platen beingsomewhat yielding,) enables the machine to perform good work at a veryhigh speed.

It will be understood that the type-writer thus abovedescribed (andespecially the several details thereof) is capable of moditieation invarious ways and degrees (other than the ways described) after themanner of machines in general within the scope and limits of myinvention.

Having thus described my claim- 1. The combination, in a type-writer, ofa type-wheel having an orbital movement and adapted to have anindependent rotary movement on its own axis, a starting-arm on saidwheel, types located on the periphery of said wheel at .lixedcircumferential distances from each other, reciprocating wheel-starterssituated at fixed distances apart in the orbit of the wheel, whichorbital distances correspond to said circumferential distances, wherebythe operation of a given wheel-starter acts to start said wheel for theprinting of the character whose circumferential position on said wheelcorresponds to the orbital position of said wheel-starter, and astarter-guide set con centrieally to said orbital movement and cornstrncted to receive said startersin slots formed in said guide,substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, in a type-writer, of a revoluble type-wheel mountedon a revolublc invention, I

turret, a paper-carriage set tangent to a line which is the orbital pathof the outer cdgeol' s-iid wheel when this is revolving, and afeedplatcset in said path and adapted to have a movement about radial tosaid turret, the whole being operatively connected and coacting to firstbring said wheel against said carriage and then to act against saidfeedplate for setting the feed apparatus ready for.

the subsequent feeding of the carriage, all substantially as described.

3. The combination, in a type-writer, of a revoluble turret, a revolublctype wheel mounted on said turret near the outer circumference thereof,a lfiaper-carriage having a ratchet, a pawl for operating said ratchet,a feed-plate operated by the revolving typewhcel for retracting saidpawl, and a cam on said turret for moving forward said pawl to feed thecarriage, said plate and cam being operatively connected with said pawl,all substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a type-writer, of the revoluble turret, therevoluble type-wheel mounted on said turret and having a blank space, as1.), a carriage, and a carriage-feeding pawl, feed-plate 63, slide 64,and cam 68, fixed on said turret, said plate and slide being operativelyconnected to said pawl, substantially as described.

The combination, in a type-writer, of a type-wheel having an orbitalmovement and adapted to have at the same time an independent rotarymovement on its own axis, a starting'arm, and adjoining this a rim orflange, as both on said wheel, and a reciprocating wheel-starter havinga part to intercept said arm and a part to be act-ed on by said rim orflange for the replacing of said starter, allsubstantially as described,and for the purpose specified.

(3. The combination, in a type-writer, of a cylindrical paper-carriagemounted to slide on a slotted hollow shaft, a normally nonrevolvingscrew-shaft within said hollow shaft, a feednut carried by saidcarriage, which nut passes through the slot in said hollow shaft andmeshes with the thread of said screw shaft, and devices for imparting anintermittent rotary movement to said slotted shaft and carriage, allsubstantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination of the cylindrical carriage, the hollow shaft46,screw-shaft 45, feed apparatus for turning shaft 4:6, and a pawl andratchet acting to restrain the rotary movement of shaft to in onedirection only, all substantially as described, and for the purposespecified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DARIEN \V. DODSON.

Witnesses:

D. L. RHoNE, EDWARD A, LvNcu.

ITO

